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The IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design (TK7874.I327, ISSN 0278-0070) contains papers and tutorials on routing (with an emphasis on algorithms). The Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC, TA174.D46a, ISSN 0146-7123, catalogued under various titles) and the Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design ( ICCAD, TK7874.I3235a, ISSN 1063-6757 and 1092-3152) document the two conferences at which new ideas on routing are often presented.
The edited book by Preas and Lorenzetti [1988] is the best place to learn more about routing. Books by Sarrafzadeh and Wong [1996] and Sait and Youssef [1995] are more recent introductions to physical design including routing. The book Hu and Kuh [1983] edited for IEEE Press contains early papers on routing, including an introductory paper with many references. Ohtsuki’s [1986] edited book on layout contains tutorials on routing, including reviews of channel routing by Burstein and area routing by Ohtsuki; a more recent edited book by Zobrist [1994] also contains papers on routing. A good introduction to routing is Joobanni’s thesis published as a book [ 1986]. New routing techniques are becoming important for FPGAs, a recent paper describes some of these [ Roy, 1993]. Books by Lengauer [ 1990] and Sherwani [1993] describe algorithms for both the global and detailed routing problems. A book by Sherwani et al. [1995] covers two-level and three-level routing. Kahng and Robins [ 1995] cover timing-driven detailed routing in their book; Sapatnekar and Kang [1993] cover timing-driven physical design in general. The book by Pillage et al. [1994] includes a chapter on bounding and asymptotic approximations that are related to the models used in SPF. Nakhla and Zhang [1994] and Goel [1994] cover modeling of interconnect. The IEEE Press book edited by Friedman [1995] covers clock distribution. Routing is often performed in parallel on several machines; books by Banerjee [1994] and Ravikumar [1996] describe parallel algorithms for physical design. Taylor and Russell [1992] review knowledge-based physical design in an edited book.
Najm’s review paper covers power estimation [1994]. Books by Shenai [1991] and Murarka [ 1993] cover all aspects of metallization. To learn more about the causes of electromigration in particular, see D’Heurle’s [ 1971] classic paper and a paper by Black [ 1969]. The edited book by Gildenblat and Schwartz [1991] covers metallization reliability. A tutorial paper by Young and Christou [1994] reviews current theories of the causes of electromigration. To learn more about masks and microlithography in VLSI, see the handbook by Glendinning and Helbert [1991].
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