Article source: The Kubala Washatko Architects (TKWA)
In Fall 2008, the First Unitarian Society of Madison completed a major new addition to its Frank Lloyd Wright-designed National Historic Landmark Meeting House. Completed in 1951, the original Meeting House has been hailed as one of the world’s most innovative examples of church architecture.In recent years, the First Unitarian Society of Madison has become one of the largest Unitarian congregations in the United States. This growth, along with ongoing architectural tours by visitors from around the world, has placed increasing demands on the original historic structure.
The Clock Shadow Building is not your ordinary sustainable building. The developer came to the project team with a vision “to transform a vacant brownfield site into an environmentally sustainable building that provides a home for occupants that share a commitment to community and environmental values.”
Robert Harvey Oshatz Architect has recently completed construction of a single family residence in the outskirts of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. This document has been complied as an aid for publication. Please contact Robert Oshatz for further information and for interview opportunities.
Robert Harvey Oshatz Architect is a small architectural firm headed by Robert Oshatz, operating out of Lake Oswego in Oregon. Since the firm was established by Oshatz in 1971 it has been involved in a wide range of projects with a focus on residential design. The design philosophy of Robert Harvey Oshatz Architect is based around a deep respect for the site,and a thorough understanding of the client.
Oshatz’ work has been constructed in Oregon, Washington, California, Colorado and Japan. Each project reflects the varied environments and clients for which they are built. Oshatz’ work exhibits an interest in geometric patterns and a love of natural materials. His buildings are designed to enhance the lives of their occupants by providing connections from the interior of the building out to natural environment outside.
Image Courtesy Cameron Neilson
Robert Harvey Oshatz Architect has been featured in numerous publications and has been experiencing increased media interest. The Fennell Residence was published as Architectural Record’s House of The Month in January 2007 and has since been featured in numerous publications and a number of television articles. The Wilkinson residence constructed in Portland has also received broad interest. The house has featured on television articles, in printed publications and has featured widely on the internet. A google image search of a photograph of the house finds that images of the house appears on some 20,000 individual websites.
Robert Harvey Oshatz Architect’s website receives around 18,000 page views per month.
On a heavily wooded site adjacent to a lake in Milwaukee’s western fringe,Robert Oshatz was asked to design a home for a growing family. A thin driveway meanders its way between cornfields and groves of oak trees before presenting itself upon the house. From the approach, the house looks small. The radial floor plan wraps itself around the face of the sloping site and avoids all existing trees; reducing the house’s scale and preventing it from ever being visible as a whole. The spiralling green roof that twists itself around the stone elevator core also reduces the visual height of the building.
The main entry to the house is located under the lowest segment of the spiralling roof. Upon walking through the glass door, the compression of the low entry explodes into a celebration of light and form. A large circular opening in the floor exposes a new level below, while the low roof lifts and spins out of view and is followed by a cantilevered staircase. A solid stone core stands at the centre of it all, like a choreographer directing the dance around it.
Image Courtesy Cameron Neilson
The entry level accommodates the house’s public spaces like the kitchen, the lounge and the dining room, while the lower floor is used for the family oriented spaces. The level above the entry hosts the master bedroom, an ensuite and a nursery. A door opens out from the upper floor onto the roof, which is made up of a series of stepping roof terraces that overlook the lake and the surrounding landscape.
Oshatz believes providing connections between the internal spaces and the exterior environment is beneficial to the occupant’s wellbeing. Frameless glazing provides unobstructed views throughout the house to the lake beyond. Natural materials are used to tie the house into its environment, as quartz stone walls appear to grow out of the ground and hemlock ceilings blend with the exterior tree canopy. Materials are carried seamlessly through the glazing line to break down the definition between the interior and the exterior, ensuring an uninterrupted flow of space between inside and out.
Image Courtesy Cameron Neilson
CHENEQUA RESIDENCE
On a heavily wooded site adjacent to a lake in Milwaukee’s western fringe, Robert Oshatz was asked to design a home for a growing family.The site originally contained a house that was unsuitable for the family’s needs and was demolished. The owners recognized the site’s natural beauty, however, and stressed the importance of retaining all of the trees that existed on the site. The clients wanted a building, constructed from natural materials, which acted as one with its environment and provided unobstructed views and connections to the surrounding landscape.
Image Courtesy Cameron Neilson
Oshatz has developed a reputation for creating architecture that is inspired by its environment. His projects, built across five US states and Japan, are each unique responses to their sites and the requirements of the clients. When asked about his approach to architecture, Oshatz states he believes that “architecture should be at peace with its environment while the occupants are at peace within”. The clients were drawn to Oshatz’s exciting and dynamic forms and to his integration and respect for the surrounding environment.
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The Chenqeua Residence has been designed to be constructed in two phases. The extant building constitutes the first phase of construction and includes the primary living areas for the family. The second phase of construction to be undertaken at a later point will consist of a glass roofed swimming pool area and a suite for visiting grandparents.
From the street there is little to suggest the Chenequa Residence exists. A single lane drive surrounded by trees turns off the street and runs through cornfields on either side. As the drive continues, it becomes increasingly wooded with stands of oak trees. In the early hours of the morning, it is not uncommon to encounter deer or wild turkeys while following the road. The approach to the house leads up a small hill and onto a circular driveway that was retained from the previous house. Upon ascending the hill, the Chenequa residence emerges from across a grassed yard.
Image Courtesy Cameron Neilson
From first encounter, the house appears to be small; its stepping roof and spiralling stone columns help to reduce its height and obscure its size.Oshatz uses the geometry of the house to continually hide and expose new parts of the building, simultaneously creating interest while concealing its scale. From no single angle is it possible to comprehend the building as a whole.
After parking on the circular driveway, the approach to the house is by foot and follows a small stone wall which continues underneath a low hemlock clad roof. Upon walking through the glass door, the compression of the low entry explodes into a celebration of light and form. A large circular opening in the floor exposes a new level below and the low roof lifts and spins out of view, followed by a cantilevered staircase. A solid stone core stands at the centre of it all, like a choreographer directing the dance around it.
Image Courtesy Cameron Neilson
The entry into the house also allows for an interesting juxtaposition of environments. The approach to the house is down a driveway surrounded by trees and across a lawn that feels like a meadow amongst a forest. When entering the house, the lake finally becomes visible and dominates the view. Endless floor to ceiling glass displays the lake while the roof and floor planes appear to career outwards toward it. Even though the house explores these two separate environments, it never feels stuck between them. The removal of structure from the glazing line, the careful continuation of materials through the glazing, and the spiral shape of the house creates a space that has no directional emphasis and ensures that connections to the exterior are provided in all directions.
Image Courtesy Cameron Neilson
By building into the site, entrance to the house is made on the second of three floors. The entry level is provided with unobstructed views to the lake and accommodates the public spaces of the building including the lounge room, dining room and kitchen. These spaces are separated from the main atrium by low ceilings that help to provide an intimate environment.The plan of the house wraps itself around the convex topography of the site which, when combined with the use of floor to ceiling glass, ensures that magnificent lake views are seen from all the internal spaces. The floor plan is continued out through the kitchen and onto a cantilevered deck that extends out amongst the trees. A ribbon of curved steel balustrades bends itself around the balcony and returns into a heavy stone garden wall, effectively tying the floating floor plain back to the earth. On the other side of the house, the helical stone wall that defines the lounge room twists around a tall oak tree and ties the floor back to the ground in a similar fashion.
Image Courtesy Cameron Neilson
The floor below the entry level is designed for family-based functions. Below the main atrium space is a games room, a small bar, a theatreroom and a small study. In the wing that follows under the kitchen are the children’s bedrooms and a guest room. The communal family spaces are dug below the ground and the view is always filtered by heavy stone walls where they open up to the exterior. The children’s bedrooms are afforded elevation and views by virtue of the sloping site but are bound by stone and anchored to the ground. The circulation on the bottom floor is also much more guarded than that provided to the public spaces above. The bedrooms are accessed via a tall but thin corridor adorned only with highlight windows. As one of the few spaces in the house without commanding views, the corridor provides a sense of security and warmth.
Plan
Unlike the main atrium space, the bedrooms are more conventionally scaled and shaped. They provide views to the lake, but only in one direction. The bedroom at the end of the corridor is ensured privacy by its height and an oversized expanse of ceiling to the underside of the deck which extends out from the kitchen. Where the entry level is dedicated to public functions and provided with views and open space, the family oriented rooms on the floor below are provided with a sense of warmth and security.
The floor above the entry level is dedicated to the master suite and includes a master bedroom, ensuite and a nursery. From the atrium, the upper floor appears as a floating volume which wraps around the stone elevator column. The carpeted floor, which differs from the stained concrete on the lower floors, helps to isolate the upper floor from the lower levels. A planted balcony extends out from the master bedroom, helping to enhance the floating feeling. The bedroom and nursery are both provided with frameless glass, which gives uninterrupted views to the lake and the tree canopy. The stepping spiral room sweeps up over the main atrium it passes over the rooms at a low level, ensuring that they maintain a sense of warmth and protection. The master ensuite is built into a tubular shape that radiates out from the elevator core. The enclosed feeling of the ensuite provides a counterpoint to the openness of the master bedroom.
Plan
From the upper floor, a door opens out onto the roof segment which hangs over the main entry to the house. As the roof spirals around the stone elevator core, steps follow the roofs, turning each roof into a terraced garden. Some roofs are fully planted, while others have paved areas for a deck chair and umbrella. The highest roof section is about 80ft above the lake and provides commanding views.
The clients had expressed at an early stage that they did not care for symmetry. Oshatz removed any need for symmetry by utilizing a radial plan for the house. The plan consists of a series of radiuses, with a number
of different centre points. To achieve a logical and harmonious plan throughout the house, each radius is related. The primary radius wraps itself around the contours of the site, following a path that avoids the need to remove any trees. This radius also maintains a convex aspect to the lake, which helps to make the house feel as if it is opening up to the views and the landscape around it. The main axis is centred on a large oak tree that dominates the site. Each subsequent radius responds to the geometry of the others, resulting is spaces that feel at the same time free flowing, and harmonious.
The house was designed to be visually small from the entry way, but to utilize the steep slope of the site to provide maximum views and connections to the lake. The resultant structure emerges from the earth as a series of planes that glide horizontally along face of the hill side. Each plane is unique, and no plane exactly follows any other; they appear to be light weight and are separated only by glass. The roof planes, with a different materiality to the floor planes, spin in their own unique pattern; helping to provide intrigue and complexity to the design. The lightweight and energetic horizontal planes are countered by the vertical stone volumes that appear to grow from the earth and help to anchor the building.
Plan
Constructing the various radiuses that make up the house would have proven difficult with traditional construction techniques. To ensure the maintenance of the design’s interrelated geometries and to aid in the construction of the residence, the house was set out using survey points taken directly from CAD drawings and all wall and roof plates were cut using a digital CNC router. The ability to cut and locate components directly from CAD drawings ensured a level of accuracy and speed that could not otherwise have been achieved.
The pallet of materials is limited to a few that were chosen for their natural beauty and their ability to tie the building into the natural environment. The three primary materials used in the house are hemlock for the ceilings, Idaho quartz chosen for its unique colour and shimmer, and concrete floors which have been stained a rusty earth colour. Additionally, plasterboard is used as a secondary material to contrast the heavy, anchoring, stone clad walls, as its lightweight appearance maintains the independent feeling of the horizontal floor planes and provides the necessary privacy between rooms. Stucco is also used to highlight the edges of the floor planes and to define the upper floor volume. Finally, painted metal is used to clad the tubular form of the master ensuite, making it appear as an independent volume.
The flow of space between the interior and the exterior of the building was of primary concern during the design of the Chenequa Residence. It is widely understood that connections with natural environments have very positive outcomes for residents, and given the idyllic setting that the house is sited, it became even more important that occupants felt connected with their surrounding environment and not isolated within the structure.Floor to ceiling glass is used extensively throughout the house and helps to provide views, but it is the continuation of materials through the glazing lines that helps to break down the boundaries between interior and exterior.Traditional window framing details have been replaced by frames that are concealed within the structure and behind the finish material, allowing the material to run unaffected from the interior to the exterior. This helps to dissolve the boundaries of the space. The removal of the structure from the building skin is also helpful, as columns are brought within the glazing line and can no longer reinforce the interior/exterior boundary. The horizontal planes that appear as independent volumes also help to confuse the boundary of the building. In some circumstances, it is even difficult to identify exactly where the window glass is located.
Plan
The extent of glazing and the size of the house required a comprehensive approach to sustainability. All windows are glazed with argon filled, triple paned units. The glazing is also complimented by a thorough insulation approach. The primary heating system utilises radiant floor heating, which is used throughout the house and is assisted by a ground source geothermal system. The design also incorporates an advanced central heating and cooling system which is able to use the latent temperature of unused spaces to heat and cool areas that are occupied. The house has also been designed to make the most of passive solar energy.
The Chenequa Residence is a result of an amalgamation between the site, the building program, and the client. The building twists between the exiting trees and appears to grow out of the hill, yet it has been designed to perfectly suit the clients’ lives, values and tastes. With its generous use of natural materials, the Chenequa Residence does not fit the white box language that appears to be synonymous with contemporary residential architecture. Yet, the building is undoubtedly contemporary. Its wonderful geometry, its nearly complete transparency and its lightweight structure are a product of contemporary design and construction methods. Its clean lines and uncluttered spaces speak of a contemporary lifestyle. Yet at its heart, the Chenequa Residence is a home for a family. A family who now can live in a house that celebrates and connects to the magnificent environment which surrounds it. The house provides connections to the exterior, but is warm, comfortable and inviting. In an increasingly urbanised world that celebrates an increasingly urbanised approach to architecture, the Chenequa Residence reminds us that human beings are innately tied to the natural world, and that providing access and connections to that world can ensure a rich and rewarding place for people to live.
Alchemists live in the Midwest and we love barns. Our clients love barns. Everyone loves barns. Imagine a house that took all the great things about barns and left those other things to the cows? Alchemy designed a house that takes all its clues from the 19th century but updates them for the 21st Century Featuring Barn siding with light filtering through a Few, but large openings, a sleeping loft and bedrooms in the cellar. And, of course, Barn Space an open 2-story room with two volumes inserted within. One in steel, the other in ash strips, they provide under-and over spaces like a hayloft.
After developing and falling in love with a building he created, the client decided to make the penthouse apartment his home. It was a space that should embody quality and engage the Lake, sky, and city vistas beyond.
The CityDeck is the heart of a multi-phase redevelopment project along Green Bay’s Fox River. The project aims to allow for significantly increased access to the river and to diversify social and ecological life along it.
EXISTING CONDITIONS + CHALLENGES
The site is a 2-acre strip of land, typically measuring 50 to 60 feet wide, that runs along the edge of the Fox River in downtown Green Bay. It is about one-quarter-mile in length and is situated between two bridges that cross the river. At the project’s beginning, adjacent parcels were empty, abandoned (a large yellow warehouse), or in use as parking lots. Nearby buildings turned their back on the riverfront. Unsurprisingly, there was little social or civic life here, and no reason to visit; the elevated walk along existing bulkhead walls prevented any direct access down to the river—as well as up to the city from boats.
Erie Street Plaza is a small urban plaza in the Historic Third Ward district of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The 13,000-square-foot plaza lies at the point where the Milwaukee River meets the Federal Channel as it empties into Lake Michigan. It is the final link in a series of public space activators along the Milwaukee Riverwalk, a three-mile pedestrian and bicycle corridor that connects downtown Milwaukee to the emerging and redeveloping Third Ward, Beerline Districts, and the lakefront beyond.
The yellow glow mimics the lights from the industrial buildings across the river (Images Courtesy John December)
Jackson Hole, Wyoming, Architects Ward + Blake Finalists in International Health Care Design Competition with Sustainable Radiology Center Design
An innovative health care building design by Jackson Hole, Wyoming, commercial architects Ward + Blake Architects is named finalist in the International Academy for Design and Health awards for international healthcare projects under 40,000 square meters. The energy-efficient commercial design includes “daylighting” to promote wellness.
Exterior, horizontal, overall south facade from south southeast, Teton Radiology Madison, Rexburg, Idaho; Ward + Blake Architects
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